The variational quantum eigensolver (or VQE), first developed by Peruzzo et al.(2014), has
received significant attention from the research community in recent years. It uses the …

In information processing, as in physics, our classical world view provides an incomplete
approximation to an underlying quantum reality. Quantum effects like interference and …

A quantum computer can solve hard problems, such as prime factoring,, database
searching, and quantum simulation, at the cost of needing to protect fragile quantum states …

We describe in detail the theory underpinning the measurement of density matrices of a pair
of quantum two-level systems (“qubits”). Our particular emphasis is on qubits realized by the …

The superposition principle plays the most central role in all considerations of quantum
information, and in most of the" gedanken" experiments and even the paradoxes of quantum …

Quantum computers, which harness the superposition and entanglement of physical states,
could outperform their classical counterparts in solving problems with technological impact …

We consider a quantum-gate mechanism based on electron spins in coupled semiconductor
quantum dots. Such gates provide a general source of spin entanglement and can be used …

Quantum computers hold the promise of solving certain computational tasks much more
efficiently than classical computers. We review recent experimental advances towards a …

Standard quantum computation is based on sequences of unitary quantum logic gates that
process qubits. The one-way quantum computer proposed by Raussendorf and Briegel is …

Fifty years of developments in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have resulted in an
unrivaled degree of control of the dynamics of coupled two-level quantum systems. This …