This paper reviews the current theoretical scholarship on maladaptation and provides some
specific case studies—in the Maldives, Ethiopia, South Africa, and Bangladesh—to advance …

Managing freshwater resources sustainably under future climatic and hydrological
uncertainty poses novel challenges. Rehabilitation of ageing infrastructure and construction …

The Sea Level Rise and Coastal Flood Hazard Scenarios and Tools Interagency Task
Force, jointly convened by the US Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) and the …

A highly uncertain future due to changes in climate, technology and socio-economics has
led to the realisation that identification of “best-guess” future conditions might no longer be …

A new paradigm for planning under conditions of deep uncertainty has emerged in the
literature. According to this paradigm, a planner should create a strategic vision of the future …

Observed changes and impacts Ongoing climate trends have exacerbated many extreme
events (very high confidence). The Australian trends include further warming and sea level …

Recent flood disasters in the United States (2005, 2008, 2012); the Philippines (2012, 2013);
and Britain (2014) illustrate how vulnerable coastal cities are to storm surge flooding. Floods …

Uncertainty in climate projections is driven by three components: scenario uncertainty,
intermodel uncertainty, and internal variability. Although socioeconomic climate impact …

The transformation of economies towards net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within
very few decades will require substantial investments. However, the transition to a low …

Afghanistan remains in the bottom 10 percent globally in electricity consumption per capita
(~ 100 kWh per year) and only 25-30 percent of its population is connected to the grid, one …