Surgery for the removal of a primary tumor presents an opportunity to eradicate cancer or
arrest its progression, but is also believed to promote the outbreak of pre-existing …

Surgical resection of the primary tumor is a necessary and effective treatment for breast
cancer patients. For various reasons discussed, we believe that the short postoperative …

Background COX inhibitors and β-blockers were recently suggested to reduce cancer
progression through inhibition of tumor proliferation and growth factor secretion, induction of …

In leukemia patients, stress and anxiety were suggested to predict poorer prognosis.
Oncological patients experience ample physiological and psychological stress, potentially …

Natural killers (NK) cells are unique innate immune cells that increase up to fivefold in the
circulating blood with brief exercise and are known to play a key role in first-response …

Materials and methods Rats undergoing laparotomy under sevoflurane anaesthesia were
assigned to receive saline, fentanyl (40 μg kg− 1), clonidine (10 μg kg− 1) or ketamine (10 …

Most in vitro and ex-vivo studies indicate a profound suppression of NK cell cytotoxicity
(NKCC) by glucocorticoids; while catecholamines and prostaglandins were reported both to …

While myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to participate in the
promotion of angiogenesis and tumor growth, little is known about their presence and …

Background Dexamethasone is widely used in cancer patients despite the concern that
perioperative glucocorticoids may potentially cause immunosuppression. However, studies …

Natural Killer cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize and eliminate tumor cells.
Exercise enhances NK cell cytotoxic activity (NKCA), yet the underlying mechanisms are not …