A planetary-scale understanding of the ocean ecosystem, particularly in light of climate
change, is crucial. Here, we review the work of Tara Oceans, an international …

BACKGROUND Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation, the reduction of atmospheric N2 to
ammonia, is important for maintaining the fertility of the oceans by providing biologically …

The composition of the human gut microbiota is linked to health and disease, but knowledge
of individual microbial species is needed to decipher their biological roles. Despite …

Natural microbial communities are phylogenetically and metabolically diverse. In addition to
underexplored organismal groups, this diversity encompasses a rich discovery potential for …

Human skin functions as a physical barrier to foreign pathogen invasion and houses
numerous commensals. Shifts in the human skin microbiome have been associated with …

Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it is also a participant in
environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount and form of N …

Nitrogen (N) pollution has emerged as one of the major threat to global sustainable
development and has received increasing attention. Manganese (Mn) is the third most …

DNA viruses have a major influence on the ecology and evolution of cellular organisms,,–,
but their overall diversity and evolutionary trajectories remain elusive. Here we carried out a …

In this paper we review the technologies available to make globally quantitative
observations of particles in general—and plankton in particular—in the world oceans, and …

The deep sea, the largest ocean's compartment, drives planetary-scale biogeochemical
cycling. Yet, the functional exploration of its microbial communities lags far behind other …