Semen analysis is the cornerstone of male fertility evaluation with WHO guidelines providing
the basis for procedural standardization and reference values worldwide. The first WHO …

Inflammation is among the core causatives of male infertility. Despite male infertility being a
serious global issue,“bits and pieces” of its complex etiopathology still remain missing …

Abstract Background Between 30% and 80% of patients with male infertility produce
excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in their ejaculate even though the cause of male …

Idiopathic male infertility (IMI) refers to the condition where semen quality declines, but exact
causatives are not identified. This occurs in almost 30–40% of infertile men. Traditional …

Background Besides adenine triphosphate (ATP) production for sustaining motility, the
mitochondria of sperm also host other critical cellular functions during germ cell …

Some 30% to 80% of male sub-fertility may be associated with oxidative stress that damages
spermatozoa and can decrease success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) techniques. This …

Recent studies have suggested that sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN),
DNA fragmentation index (DFI), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content are crucial to …

Oxidative and reductive imbalances critically impact male reproduction, necessitating a
balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants for sperm health. This paper elucidates the …

The intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique was invented to solve severe male
infertility due to altered sperm parameters. Nowadays, it is applied worldwide for the …

Abstract Background Approximately 8%–12% of couples worldwide face infertility, with
infertility of individuals assigned male at birth (AMAB) contributing to at least 50% of cases …