The purpose of this review is to better understand the full life cycle and influence of ammonia
from an aquatic biology perspective. While ammonia has toxic properties in water and air, it …

Fish encounter harsh ionic/osmotic gradients on their aquatic environments, and the
mechanisms through which they maintain internal homeostasis are more challenging …

Many fishes are ammonotelic but some species can detoxify ammonia to glutamine or urea.
Certain fish species can accumulate high levels of ammonia in the brain or defense against …

Introduction: The benzothiadiazines and high ceiling diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide,
hydroflumethiazide, quinethazone, metolazone, chlorthalidone, indapamide, furosemide …

Ammonia excretion at the gills of fish has been studied for 80 years, but the mechanism (s)
involved remain controversial. The relatively recent discovery of the ammonia-transporting …

The article discusses advances in osmoregulation and excretion with emphasis on how
multicellular animals in different osmotic environments regulate their milieu intérieur …

Marine organisms are exposed to increasingly acidic oceans, as a result of equilibration of
surface ocean water with rising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. In this study, we …

Goldfish (Carassius auratus) juveniles were exposed to virgin polyvinyl chloride
microplastics (PVC-MPs) in triplicate at 0, 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L for four days. Afterwards, the …

Freshwater fishes lose ions to the external medium owing to the steep concentration
gradients between the body fluids and the water. To maintain homeostasis, they use …

Fish, like mammals, have to maintain their body fluid ionic and osmotic homeostasis through
sophisticated iono-/osmoregulation mechanisms, which are conducted mainly by ionocytes …