A new scientific frontier opened in 2009 with the start of operations of the world's first x-ray
free-electron laser (FEL), the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), at SLAC National …

The metal centres in metalloenzymes and molecular catalysts are responsible for the
rearrangement of atoms and electrons during complex chemical reactions, and they enable …

From a glass of water to glaciers in Antarctica, water–air and ice–air interfaces are abundant
on Earth. Molecular-level structure and dynamics at these interfaces are key for …

X-ray free-electron lasers enable the investigation of the structure and dynamics of diverse
systems, including atoms, molecules, nanocrystals and single bioparticles, under extreme …

X-ray free-electron lasers provide unique opportunities for exploring ultrafast dynamics and
for imaging the structures of complex systems. Understanding the response of individual …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

New free-electron laser and high-harmonic generation X-ray light sources are capable of
supplying pulses short and intense enough to perform resonant nonlinear time-resolved …

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are promising tools for structural determination of
macromolecules via coherent x-ray scattering. During ultrashort and ultraintense x-ray …

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) produce femtosecond x-ray pulses with unprecedented
intensities that are uniquely suited for studying many phenomena in atomic, molecular, and …

Molecules can efficiently and selectively convert light energy into other degrees of freedom.
Disentangling the underlying ultrafast motion of electrons and nuclei of the photoexcited …