Conventional sampling of biological fluids often involves a bulk quantity of samples that are
tedious to collect, deliver and process. Miniaturized sampling approaches have emerged as …

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a specialized area of laboratory medicine which
involves the measurement of drug concentrations in biological fluids with the aim of …

Dried blood spots (DBS) sampling and their specific advantages are becoming common in
analytical and clinical routine. Being first established for metabolic disorder screening in …

Information on the extent of drug exposure to mothers and infants during pregnancy and
lactation normally becomes available years after regulatory approval of a drug. Clinicians …

Women commonly take medication during lactation. Currently, there is little information
about the exposure-related safety of maternal medicines for breastfed infants. The aim was …

Background Breast milk transfer of first-line ART from mother to infant is not fully understood.
Objectives To determine the concentrations of lamivudine, emtricitabine and tenofovir in …

Conventional sampling techniques for clinical pharmacokinetic studies often require the
removal of large blood volumes from patients. This can result in a physiological or emotional …

The relative lack of information on medication use during breastfeeding is an ongoing
problem for health professionals and mothers alike. Most nursing mothers are prescribed …

For therapeutic drug monitoring in remote settings, dried blood spots (DBS) are particularly
advantageous, as blood sample collection and handling is uncomplicated. The aim of this …

Objectives We evaluated whether dried blood spots (DBS) are suitable to monitor combined
ART when samples are collected in rural Tanzania and transported over a long distance to a …