Stress is associated with the onset and severity of several psychiatric disorders that occur
more frequently in women than men, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and …

The forced swim test (FST) for rodents does not model despair or helplessness. It also is not
a read-out for depression, anxiety, psychomotor retardation or autism, because these are …

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis has been implicated in the pathophysiology
of a variety of mood and cognitive disorders. Neuroendocrine studies have demonstrated …

Glucocorticoid action on target tissues is determined by the density of “nuclear” receptors
and intracellular metabolism by the two isozymes of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase …

In the forced swim test (FST) rodents progressively show increased episodes of immobility if
immersed in a beaker with water from where escape is not possible. In this test, a compound …

Regulation of stress reactivity is a fundamental priority of all organisms. Stress responses
are critical for survival, yet can also cause physical and psychological damage. This review …

Brain Corticosteroid Receptor Balance in Health and Disease* | Endocrine Reviews | Oxford
Academic Skip to Main Content Advertisement Oxford Academic Journals Books Search Menu …

Bruce McEwen's discovery of receptors for corticosterone in the rat hippocampus introduced
higher brain circuits in the neuroendocrinology of stress. Subsequently, these receptors …

An adverse foetal environment is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular,
metabolic, neuroendocrine and psychological disorders in adulthood. Exposure to stress …

Recall of paired-associate lists (declarative memory) and mirror-tracing skills (procedural
memory) was assessed after retention intervals defined over early and late nocturnal sleep …