There are inconsistent reports regarding behavioral sex differences in the human navigation
literature. This meta-analysis quantifies the overall magnitude of sex differences in large …

The ability to find one's way in our complex environments represents one of the most
fundamental cognitive functions. Although involving basic perceptual and memory related …

The detail and representation of a spatial layout varies with scale. This affects an individual's
learning effectiveness and understanding, in turn directly influencing their behavior in a fire …

Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into
existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be …

Most psychometric tests of spatial ability are paper-and-pencil tasks at the “figural” scale of
space, in that they involve inspecting, imagining or mentally transforming small shapes or …

This chapter reviews research on spatial abilities, which is concerned with individual
differences in how people mentally represent and manipulate spatial information to perform …

Existing frameworks for explaining spatial knowledge acquisition in a new environment
propose either stage-like or continuous development. To examine the spatial microgenesis …

The existence of a sex difference in spatial thinking, notably on tasks involving mental
rotation, has been a topic of considerable research and debate. We review this literature …

There are marked individual differences in the formation of cognitive maps both in the real
world and in virtual environments (VE; eg, Blajenkova, Motes, & Kozhevnikov, 2005; Chai & …

This text offers a unique developmental focus on gender. Gender development is examined
from infancy through adolescence, integrating biological, socialization, and cognitive …