Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health
problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) …

Fatigue is a complex phenomenon and an important health concern for many people with
chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, debilitating autoimmune disorder involving
inflammation and progressive destruction of the joints, affecting up to 1% of the population …

Stress is one of the commonest and underappreciated causes of reproductive frailty in
women. The stress system leads to adaptive responses via mobilization of hormonal …

Abstract Turnbull, Andrew V., and Catherine L. Rivier. Regulation of the Hypothalamic-
Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by Cytokines: Actions and Mechanisms of Action. Physiol. Rev. 79: 1 …

Interleukin-6, an inflammatory cytokine, is characterized by pleiotropy and redundancy of
action. Apart from its hematologic, immune, and hepatic effects, it has many endocrine and …

Despite marked advances in stress research, confusion as to what stress is continues in the
1990s. Thus, it may be of benefit to briefly mention the definitions of four key concepts …

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is an unexplained
incapacitating illness that may affect up to 4 million people in the United States alone. There …

Sleep has a homeostatic role in the regulation of the immune system and serves to constrain
activation of inflammatory signalling and expression of cellular inflammation. In patients with …

Cytokines mediate and control immune and inflammatory responses. Complex interactions
exist between cytokines, inflammation and the adaptive responses in maintaining …