We now turn our attention to applying the theory of refinement to Object-Z. In this chapter we
adapt the existing refinement rules to Object-Z specifications consisting of a single class …

The Semantics of Circus Page 1 The Semantics of Circus Jim Woodcock1 and Ana Cavalcanti2
1 Oxford University Computing Laboratory Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford, UK …

Circus specifications define both data and behavioural aspects of systems using a
combination of Z and CSP constructs. Previously, a denotational semantics has been given …

We present a refinement strategy for Circus, which is the combination of Z, CSP, and the
refinement calculus in the setting of Hoare and He's unifying theories of programming. The …

We present a combination of the well-established formal specification languages Z and
CSP; our objective is to provide support for the specification of both data and behaviour …

The lack of formalism in most software developments can lead to a loss of precision and
correctness in the resulting software. Formal techniques of program development have been …

We dedicate this paper with great respect and friendship to He Jifeng on the occasion of his
80th birthday. Our research group owes much to him. The authors have over 150 …

We introduce differential refinement logic (dRL), a logic with first-class support for refinement
relations on hybrid systems, and a proof calculus for verifying such relations. dRL …

We describe refinement in Circus, a concurrent specification language that integrates
imperative CSP, Z, and the refinement calculus. Each Circus process has a state and …

Abstract The International Grand Challenge project on Verified Software is a long-term
research program involving people from all over the world and is aimed to stimulate the …