Cytokines are pleotrophic proteins that coordinate the host response to infection as well as
mediate normal, ongoing signaling between cells of nonimmune tissues, including the …

For many decades, the inability of lesioned central neurons to regrow was accepted almost
as a" law of nature", and on the clinical level, spinal cord and brain lesions were seen as …

The subventricular zone of the postnatal forebrain produces mainly glia, although it supports
limited neurogenesis. To determine whether the subventricular zone is positionally …

We report the identification of Iigands for Tyro 3 (alternatively called Sky, rse, brt, or tit) and
Axl (alternatively, Ark or UFO), members of a previously orphan family of receptor-like …

A mechanism by which members of the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)–leukemia
inhibitory factor cytokine family regulate gliogenesis in the develo** mammalian central …

A comparison was made of the permeabilities of different neurotrophic factors at the blood-
brain barrier (BBB) and blood-nerve barrier (BNB) in normal adult rats by quantifying the …

In the vertebrate central nervous system, the retina has been a useful model for studies of
cell fate determination. Recent results from studies conducted in vitro and in vivo suggest a …

Identifying the signals that regulate stem cell differentiation is fundamental to understanding
cellular diversity in the brain. In this paper we identify factors that act in an instructive fashion …

Activation of microglia commonly occurs in response to a wide variety of pathological stimuli
including trauma, axotomy, ischemia, and degeneration in the CNS. In the retina, prolonged …

The uterine expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is essential for embryo implantation
in the mouse. Here, we describe the expression of LIF, related members of this group of …