RNA helicases are highly conserved proteins that use nucleoside triphosphates to bind or
remodel RNA, RNA–protein complexes or both. RNA helicases are classified into the DEAD …

As brutally demonstrated by the COVID-19 pandemic, an effective immune system is
essential for survival. Developed over evolutionary time, viral nucleic acid detection is a …

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is associated with most viral infections—it either constitutes
the viral genome (in the case of dsRNA viruses) or is generated in host cells during viral …

Cells are equipped with numerous sensors that recognize nucleic acids, which probably
evolved for defence against viruses. Once triggered, these sensors stimulate the production …

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are key sensors of virus
infection, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons and other genes that …

A major challenge in human genetics is to identify the molecular mechanisms of trait-
associated and disease-associated variants. To achieve this, quantitative trait locus (QTL) …

The immune system enables organisms to combat infections and to eliminate endogenous
challenges. Immune responses can be evoked through diverse inducible pathways …

Mitochondria are descendants of endosymbiotic bacteria and retain essential prokaryotic
features such as a compact circular genome. Consequently, in mammals, mitochondrial …

The past 20 years have seen the definition of human monogenic disorders and their
autoimmune phenocopies underlying either defective or enhanced type I interferon (IFN) …

RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA5 (Melanoma Differentiation-Associated
protein 5), collectively known as the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), are key protein sensors of …