Modeling, control, and protection of modular multilevel converter-based multi-terminal HVDC systems: A review

L Zhang, Y Zou, J Yu, J Qin, V Vittal… - CSEE Journal of …, 2017‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) grids provide the possibility of meshed interconnections
between regional power systems and various renewable energy resources to boost supply …

Offshore wind farms interfacing using HVAC-HVDC schemes: A review

C Zhichu, MA Koondhar, GS Kaloi, MZ Yousaf… - Computers and …, 2024‏ - Elsevier
Offshore wind farms (OWF) have emerged as a pivotal component in the transition towards
renewable energy, offering substantial potential for reducing carbon emissions and …

Bayesian-optimized LSTM-DWT approach for reliable fault detection in MMC-based HVDC systems

MZ Yousaf, AR Singh, S Khalid, M Bajaj, BH Kumar… - Scientific Reports, 2024‏ - nature.com
As Europe integrates more renewable energy resources, notably offshore wind power, into
its super meshed grid, the demand for reliable long-distance High Voltage Direct Current …

DC fault detection and location in meshed multiterminal HVDC systems based on DC reactor voltage change rate

R Li, L Xu, L Yao - IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The change rate of the dc reactor voltage with predefined protection voltage thresholds is
proposed to provide fast and accurate dc fault detection in a meshed multiterminal HVDC …

A non-unit protection scheme for DC microgrid based on local measurements

A Meghwani, SC Srivastava… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2016‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper proposes a nonunit protection scheme for DC microgrids (DC MGs) utilizing only
local measurements. This scheme is developed based on the natural characteristics of DC …

Short-circuit and ground fault analyses and location in VSC-based DC network cables

J Yang, JE Fletcher, J O'Reilly - IEEE transactions on Industrial …, 2011‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The application of high-power voltage-source converters (VSCs) to multiterminal dc
networks is attracting research interest. The development of VSC-based dc networks is …

A comprehensive review of DC fault protection methods in HVDC transmission systems

M Muniappan - Protection and Control of Modern Power …, 2021‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is an economical option for transmitting a
large amount of power over long distances. Initially, HVDC was developed using thyristor …

Protection of nonpermanent faults on DC overhead lines in MMC-based HVDC systems

X Li, Q Song, W Liu, H Rao, S Xu… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2012‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A high-voltage direct current system using modular multilevel converter (MMC-HVDC) is a
potential candidate for grid integration of renewable energy over long distances. The dc-link …

Nonunit protection of HVDC grids with inductive DC cable termination

W Leterme, J Beerten… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2015‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper deals with nonunit protection of HVDC grids by proposing a set of parameters
that characterizes the open protection zones together with an efficient method to determine …

HVDC circuit breakers–A review

M Barnes, DS Vilchis-Rodriguez, X Pei… - IEEE …, 2020‏ - ieeexplore.ieee.org
HVDC circuit breakers are of increasing importance, as multi-terminal high voltage DC
(HVDC) transmission becomes a commercial reality. Multiple HVDC breaker technologies …