Surface water supply provides the vast majority of the world's drinkable water, however,
surface water may contain a broad variety of pollutants originated from various sources …

Abstract The introduction of Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 has signalled a transformation of
traditional manufacturing landscape to intelligent production systems and advanced …

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a powerful noninvasive technique for
monitoring fouling in membrane filtration systems for water and wastewater treatment and …

Membrane technologies have been widely applied in water treatment, wastewater
reclamation and seawater desalination. Feed spacer present in spiral wound membrane …

Membrane-based water treatment processes have been established as a powerful
approach for clean water production. However, despite the significant advances made in …

The membrane research community has witnessed a significant research growth on feed
spacers since 2010, both in quantity and scope. Increasingly novel spacer geometries and …

Plate & frame and spiral-wound modules are used for gas separation, pervaporation,
reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, electro-dialysis, electro …

Over the past decade, 3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM) technology has seen great
advancement in many aspects such as printing resolution, speed and cost. Membranes for …

Abstract 3D-CFD simulations of a membrane channel with several variations of twisted feed
spacer geometry are performed for a Re h range of 50–200 using a fine meshing approach …

Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging process with a proven ability to recover
freshwater from streams with a wide range of salinities. However, MD is susceptible to …