In this review, we consider the potential functional role of beta-band oscillations, which at
present is not yet well understood. We discuss evidence from recent studies on top-down …

Progressive loss of the ascending dopaminergic projection in the basal ganglia is a
fundamental pathological feature of Parkinson's disease. Studies in animals and humans …

Bradykinesia means slowness of movement and is one of the cardinal manifestations of
Parkinson's disease. Weakness, tremor and rigidity may contribute to but do not fully explain …

The huge number of neurons in the human brain are connected to form functionally
specialized assemblies. The brain's amazing processing capabilities rest on local …

The extent of synchronization within and between the nuclei of the basal ganglia is unknown
in Parkinson's disease. The question is an important one because synchronization will …

Alterations of basal ganglia physiology in parkinsonism may consist of two elements, an
increase in the firing rate of neurones and a change in the pattern of synchronisation of …

Joshua D. Berke* § and Steven E. Hyman*†‡* Section on Molecular Plasticity National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke locomotor activity. Psychostimulants also tend …

Insight into the organization of the basal ganglia in the normal, parkinsonian and l-dopa-
induced dyskinesia states is critical for the development of newer and more effective …

The voices of birds have always been a source of fascination. Nature's Music brings together
some of the world's experts on birdsong, to review the advances that have taken place in our …

The motor signs of Parkinson's disease are thought to result in large part from a reduction of
the level of dopamine in the basal ganglia. Over the last few years, many of the functional …