One of the most common challenges for both conventional and modern crop improvement is
that the appearance of one desirable trait in a new crop variety is always balanced by the …

In the natural environment, plants face constant exposure to biotic stress caused by fungal
attacks. The plant's response to various biotic stresses relies heavily on its ability to rapidly …

Our previous studies indicated that tomato miR482b could negatively regulate the resistance
of tomato to Phytophthora infestans and the expression of miR482b was decreased after …

Plants have evolved diverse molecular mechanisms that enable them to respond to a wide
range of pathogens. It has become clear that microRNAs, a class of short single-stranded …

Predisposition results from abiotic stresses occurring prior to infection that affect
susceptibility of plants to disease. The environment is seldom optimal for plant growth, and …

Securing agricultural supplies for the increasing population without negative impacts on
environment demands new crop varieties with higher yields, better quality, and stronger …

Plants and animals utilize various regulatory mechanisms for control of gene expression
during development in different tissues and cell types. About 30 years ago, a new …

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating of genes involved in
major physiological processes including growth, development, and responses to biotic and …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of approximately 20–24 nucleotides in length
that serve as central regulators of eukaryotic gene expression by targeting mRNAs for …

A never-ending arms race drives coevolution between pathogens and hosts. In plants,
pathogen attacks invoke multiple layers of host immune responses. Many pathogens deliver …