Efficient and effective monitoring methods are required to assess population status and
gauge efficacy of conservation actions for threatened species. Here we review the spectrum …

Grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) occur across British Columbia and in Alberta in mostly forested,
mountainous, and boreal ecosystems. These dense forests make sighting bears from aircraft …

Monitoring carnivores is critical for conservation, yet challenging because they are rare and
elusive. Few methods exist for monitoring wide-ranging species over large spatial and …

We evaluated the potential of two noninvasive genetic sampling methods, hair traps and
bear rub surveys, to estimate population abundance and trend of grizzly (Ursus arctos) and …

Local perceptions of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) numbers in southwestern Alberta, Canada
are incongruent with their threatened status. We used non‐invasive genetic sampling to …

Accurate and precise estimates of population size are critical for effective management but
can be particularly difficult to achieve for small populations of large carnivores. We …

Capture-recapture studies are frequently used to monitor the status and trends of wildlife
populations. Detection histories from individual animals are used to estimate probability of …

Trends in population abundance can be challenging to quantify during range expansion and
contraction, when there is spatial variation in trend, or the conservation area is large. We …

Several species of bears are known to rub deliberately against trees and other objects, but
little is known about why bears rub. Patterns in rubbing behavior of male and female brown …

A critical step in recovery efforts for endangered and threatened species is the monitoring of
population demographic parameters. As part of these efforts, we evaluated the use of fecal …