This article reviews the present state of insects, describing their taxonomic position, cost,
and value as well as the threats to their well-being. Insects are an important source of both …

Hybridization can facilitate both evolutionary diversification and extinction and has had a
critical role in plant evolution, with c. 25% of species known to hybridize in some temperate …

Background There are conflicting views between palaeobotanists and plant systematists/
evolutionary biologists regarding the occurrence of plant speciation in the Quaternary …

Contents Summary 1408 I. Introduction 1408 II. A brief history of hypotheses 1410 III. Age of
TRF biome and lineages 1411 IV. Frequency of immigration from other biomes 1413 V …

Sedimentary ancient DNA has been proposed as a key methodology for reconstructing
biodiversity over time. Yet, despite the concentration of Earth's biodiversity in the tropics, this …

Many cases of rapid evolutionary radiations in plant and animal lineages are known;
however phylogenetic relationships among these lineages have been difficult to resolve by …

The deciduous broad-leaved forests (DBLFs) cover large temperate and subtropical high-
altitude regions in the Northern Hemisphere. They are home to rich biodiversity, especially …

The Neotropical realm harbours unparalleled species richness and hence has challenged
biologists to explain the cause of its high biotic diversity. Empirical studies to shed light on …

Specimen records are a major source of species information for biodiversity research.
However, specimen records currently available may be geographically or environmentally …

Fire occurs naturally in many ecosystems and is predicted to increase in frequency and
severity with climate change. The 2019–2020 Australian bushfire season was extreme …