The mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ) comprises a presynaptic terminal, a
postsynaptic receptor region on the muscle fiber (endplate), and the perisynaptic (terminal) …

Respiratory dysfunction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with
cerebral palsy (CP). In children and adults with CP, movement and physical function is …

The tongue is a muscular hydrostat, with lingual movements occurring during breathing,
chewing, swallowing, vocalization, vomiting, coughing and grooming/sexual activities. In the …

The intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles manipulate the position and shape of the tongue
and are activated during many oral and respiratory behaviors. In the present study, in 6-mo …

During development, GABA and glycine play major trophic and synaptic roles in the
establishment of the neuromotor system. In this review, we summarise the formation …

Acute injury of skeletal muscle disrupts myofibres, microvessels and motor innervation.
Myofibre regeneration is well characterized, however its relationship with the regeneration of …

Spasticity is a common symptom in many developmental motor disorders, including spastic
cerebral palsy (sCP). In sCP, respiratory dysfunction is a major contributor to morbidity and …

The spa transgenic mouse displays spasticity and hypertonia that develops during the early
postnatal period, with motor impairments that are remarkably similar to symptoms of human …

Introduction The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a chemical synapse responsible for
converting electrical pulses generated by the motor neuron into electrical activity in muscle …

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is characterized by incomplete partitioning of the
thoracic and abdominal cavities by the diaphragm muscle (DIAm). The resulting in utero …