Protein glycosylation is an essential co-and post-translational modification of secretory and
membrane proteins in all eukaryotes. The initial steps of N-glycosylation and N-glycan …

Saline-alkali soils pose an increasingly serious global threat to plant growth and
productivity. Much progress has been made in elucidating how plants adapt to salt stress by …

The endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, and mitochondria are major plant organelles for
protein synthesis, photosynthesis, metabolism, and energy production. Protein homeostasis …

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs in plants during certain developmental stages or
under adverse environmental conditions, as a result of the accumulation of unfolded or …

Grain size is an important agronomic trait, but our knowledge about grain size determination
in crops is still limited. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–associated degradation (ERAD) is a …

Nicotiana benthamiana is used worldwide as production host for recombinant proteins.
Many recombinant proteins such as monoclonal antibodies, growth factors or viral antigens …

Protein N-glycosylation is one of the major post-translational modifications in eukaryotic
cells. In lower unicellular eukaryotes, the known functions of N-glycans are predominantly in …

Glycosylation is a fundamental co-translational and/or post-translational modification
process where an attachment of sugars onto either proteins or lipids can alter their biological …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of maturation for roughly one-third of all cellular
proteins. ER-resident molecular chaperones and folding catalysts promote folding and …

Secretory and transmembrane protein synthesis and initial modification are essential
processes in protein maturation, and these processes are important for maintaining protein …