Porphyrins and related macrocycles have been intensively exploited as sensing materials in
chemical sensors, since in these devices they mimic most of their biological functions, such …

We review the current state of optical methods for sensing oxygen. These have become
powerful alternatives to electrochemical detection and in the process of replacing the Clark …

Optical and photonic technologies play an important role in human progress. The bending of
light to our will has not only enabled our biological self-discovery, but has also allowed us to …

Molecular oxygen (O2) plays a key role in many physiological processes, and becomes a
toxicant to kill cells when excited to 1O2. Intracellular O2 levels, or the degree of hypoxia …

Hypoxia is a common feature of many diseases such as solid tumors. The measurement and
imaging of oxygen (O2) are extremely important for disease diagnosis and therapy …

Luminescent oxygen probes enable direct imaging of hypoxic conditions in cells and
tissues, which are associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Here, a …

Biomimetic fluorescent nanoprobes capable of emitting near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence
(λmax≈ 720 nm) upon excitation of 800 nm light were developed. The key conjugated …

Stimuli–responsive metallopolymers have been drawing great research interest in the
design and development of novel sensory materials. Smart metallopolymers combining …

Self-assembled DNA nanostructures have attracted significant research interest in
biomedical applications because of their excellent programmability and biocompatibility. To …

Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs
more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can …