Abstract 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) is a synthetic hormone, which is a derivative of the
natural hormone, estradiol (E2). EE2 is an orally bio-active estrogen, and is one of the most …

Many emerging contaminants (ECs) are not currently removed by conventional water
treatment methods and consequently, often reach the aquatic environment. In the absence …

The increase in the anthropogenic impact has induced a constant discharge of new
substances into the environment. Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) belong to this …

This paper evaluated the occurrence and removal efficiency of four estrogenic hormones in
five biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), located in the State of Ceará, Brazil …

This article reviews studies focusing on the removal performance of natural estrogens in
municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Key factors influencing removal include …

Abstract Steroid hormone Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs)(natural estrogens (17-β-
estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estriol (E3), synthetic estrogen (17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2)) …

Steroid estrogens, such as estrone (E 1), 17β-estradiol (E 2), estriol (E 3), and 17α-
ethinylestradiol (EE 2), are natural and synthetic hormones released into the environment …

Abstract The estrogens 17-β-estradiol (E2) and 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) are reported as
highly endocrine-disrupting agents, being recently included in an EU watch list regarding …

This study used a geographic based water model to predict the environmental
concentrations of three pharmaceuticals, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), 17β-estradiol (E2), and …

We quantified the occurrences and seasonal variations of the target endocrine disrupting
chemicals (EDCs) at four (two major municipals, and two academic institutions) WWTPs in …