Background: Manganese (Mn) in drinking water may increase the risk of several
neurodevelopmental outcomes, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) …

For groundwater treatment, the technologies involving oxidation on MnOx filter bed are
beneficial, common, and effectively used. The presence of MnOx is the mutual feature of …

The efficiency of manganese removal in conventional groundwater treatment consisting of
aeration followed by rapid sand filtration, strongly depends on the ability of filter media to …

Rapid sand filtration is a common method for removal of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and
ammonium (NH 4+) from anoxic groundwaters used for drinking water production. In this …

Generally, abstracted groundwater is aerated, leading to iron (Fe 2+) oxidation to Fe 3+ and
precipitation as Fe 3+-(hydr) oxide (HFO) flocs. This practice of passive groundwater …

Manganese (Mn) is a common contaminant with a strict limit value in drinking water, which is
traditionally removed by virtue of manganese oxides (MnO x) filter, in which the performance …

Storage containers are usually used to provide a constant water head in decentralized,
community groundwater treatment systems for the removal of iron (Fe) and arsenic (As) …

The biological treatment process consisting of an aerated contactor and filter is effective for
groundwaters containing elevated ammonia and other reduced contaminants, including …

Iron and manganese in groundwater impair the quality of drinking water; however, the rates
of iron and manganese removal with conventional aeration and rapid sand filtration (RSF) …

Manganese (Mn) control in surface water systems is a challenge for the drinking water
industry, especially through a sustainability framework. Current methods for removing …