It is almost certainly the case that many populations have always existed as
metapopulations, leading to the conclusion that local extinctions are common and normally …

Background Agroforestry systems have enhanced diversity of cultivated plants compared to
monocultures, and are expected to affect associated biodiversity. Despite a growing body of …

The object of curiosity and admiration of scientists and conservationists, the Brazilian
Atlantic Forest is scientifically explored in this book. Over the 23 chapters written by 149 …

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, quantificar os efeitos dos Sistemas Agroflorestais com
diferentes tempos de adoção e a agricultura de corte e queima sobre os atributos químicos …

Five main conclusions arise from this review of the responses of species to anthropogenic
disturbance in Madagascar: First, species' reactions to anthropogenic disturbance are …

Animals provide services such as pollination and pest control in cacao agroforestry systems,
but also disservices. Yet, their combined contributions to crop yield and fruit loss are mostly …

Shifting agriculture in the tropics has been replaced by sedentary smallholder farming on a
few hectares of degraded land. To address low yields and low income both, the soil fertility …

World chocolate demand is expected to more than double by 2050. Decisions about how to
meet this challenge will have profound effects on tropical rainforests and wild species in …

Abstract In southern Bahia, Brazil, large land areas are used for the production of cocoa
(Theobroma cacao), which is predominantly grown under the shade of native trees in an …

Abstract In southern Bahia, Brazil, cabrucas are the traditional agroforests in which cacao
trees are planted under thinned-out native forests. To analyze the role of cabrucas in tree …