Climate tip** points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-
perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts …

Potential climate tip** points pose a growing risk for societies, and policy is calling for
improved anticipation of them. Satellite remote sensing can play a unique role in identifying …

Specific components of the Earth system may abruptly change their state in response to
gradual changes in forcing. This possibility has attracted great scientific interest in recent …

Recovery time, the time it takes for ecosystems to return to normal states after experiencing
droughts, is critical for assessing the response of ecosystems to droughts; however, the …

Quantifying the resilience of vegetated ecosystems is key to constraining both present-day
and future global impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Here we apply both empirical …

The Amazon rainforest is threatened by land-use change and increasing drought and fire
frequency. Studies suggest an abrupt dieback of large parts of the rainforest after partial …

Concerns have been raised that the resilience of vegetated ecosystems may be negatively
impacted by ongoing anthropogenic climate and land-use change at the global scale …

One way to warn of forthcoming critical transitions in Earth system components is using
observations to detect declining system stability. It has also been suggested to extrapolate …

Recent concurrent processes of vegetation greening and reduced resilience (the capacity to
recover from disturbances) worldwide have brought many uncertainties into sustainable …

Ecological restoration projects (ERPs) are an indispensable component of natural climate
solutions and have proven to be very important for reversing environmental degradation in …