The three-dimensional global wind field is the most important remaining measurement
needed to accurately assess the dynamics of the atmosphere. Wind information in the …

A century ago, meteorologists regarded tropical cyclones as shallow vortices, extending
upward only a few kilometers into the troposphere, and nothing was known about their …

In this review, data assimilation (DA) techniques used for tropical cyclones (TCs) are briefly
overviewed. The strength and weakness of variational methods, ensemble methods, hybrid …

Localized anthropogenic sources of atmospheric CH 4 are highly uncertain and temporally
variable. Airborne remote measurement is an effective method to detect and quantify these …

The structure and evolution of Hurricane Earl (2010) during its rapid intensification as
sampled by aircraft is studied here. Rapid intensification occurs in two stages. During the …

An update of the progress achieved as part of the NOAA Intensity Forecasting Experiment
(IFEX) is provided. Included is a brief summary of the noteworthy aircraft missions flown in …

Using dropsondes from 27 aircraft flights, in situ observations, and satellite data acquired
during Tropical Cyclone Earl (category 4 hurricane), bulk air–sea fluxes of enthalpy and …

The structural evolution of the inner core and near environment throughout the life cycle of
Hurricane Edouard (2014) is examined using a synthesis of airborne and satellite …

Data obtained from the Optical Transient Detector and the Lightning Imaging Sensor
satellites (70° and 35° inclination low earth orbits, respectively) are used to statistically …

Tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts rely heavily on output from global numerical models. While
considerable research has investigated the skill of various models with respect to track and …