Metabolic engineering aims to improve the production of economically valuable molecules
through the genetic manipulation of microbial metabolism. While the discipline is a little over …

Plants, fungi, and microorganisms are equipped with biosynthesis machinery for producing
thousands of secondary metabolites. These compounds have important functions in nature …

As important genome editing tools, CRISPR/Cas systems, especially those based on type II
Cas9 and type V Cas12a, are widely used in genetic and metabolic engineering of bacteria …

Over the past century, Escherichia coli has become one of the best studied organisms on
earth. Features such as genetic tractability, favorable growth conditions, well characterized …

Anthocyanins are the phenolic compounds responsible for coloring pigments in fruits and
vegetables. Anthocyanins offer a wide range of health benefits to human health. Their scope …

Amino acid fermentation is one of the major pillars of industrial biotechnology. The multi-
billion USD amino acid market is rising steadily and is diversifying. Metabolic engineering is …

Microbial pigments are gaining more attention in recent times due to their versatile
applications in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and textile industries. The development …

Anthocyanins, the color compounds of plants, are known for their wide applications in food,
nutraceuticals and cosmetic industry. The biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins is well …

Fluorine is a key element in the synthesis of molecules broadly used in medicine, agriculture
and materials. Addition of fluorine to organic structures represents a unique strategy for …

Fermentation-based chemical production strategies provide a feasible route for the rapid,
safe, and sustainable production of a wide variety of important chemical products, ranging …