Innate immunity is the first defense system against invading pathogens. Toll-like receptors
(TLRs) are well-defined pattern recognition receptors responsible for pathogen recognition …

Sensing invasive cytosolic DNA is an integral component of innate immunity. cGAS was
identified in 2013 as the major cytosolic DNA sensor that binds dsDNA to catalyze the …

Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins, most of which have E3 ubiquitin ligase activities, have
various functions in cellular processes including intracellular signaling, development …

Nucleic acid sensing is involved in viral infections, immune response-related diseases, and
therapeutics. Based on the composition of nucleic acids, nucleic acid sensors are defined as …

Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a versatile family of ubiquitin E3 ligases involved in a
multitude of cellular processes. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that many TRIM …

Summary Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an essential DNA virus sensor that triggers
type I interferon (IFN) signaling by producing cGAMP to initiate antiviral immunity. However …

Summary 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) variants are strongly associated with human
traits and diseases, yet few have been causally identified. We developed the massively …

Influenza A virus (IAV) polymerase protein PB2 has been shown to partially inhibit the host
immune response by blocking the induction of interferons (IFNs). However, the IAV PB2 …

The induction of type-I interferons (IFN-Is) is important for the efficacy of chemotherapy. By
investigating the role of amino acids in regulation of IFN-I production under chemo-drug …

Mitochondria, the dynamic organelles and power house of eukaryotic cells function as
metabolic hubs of cells undergoing continuous cycles of fusion and fission. Recent findings …