Spatiotemporal forecasting in earth system science: Methods, uncertainties, predictability and future directions

L Xu, N Chen, Z Chen, C Zhang, H Yu - Earth-Science Reviews, 2021 - Elsevier
Spatiotemporal forecasting (STF) extends traditional time series forecasting or spatial
interpolation problem to space and time dimensions. Here, we review the statistical, physical …

A self-attention–based neural network for three-dimensional multivariate modeling and its skillful ENSO predictions

L Zhou, RH Zhang - Science Advances, 2023 - science.org
Large biases and uncertainties remain in real-time predictions of El Niño–Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) using process-based dynamical models; recent advances in data-driven …

The 2020–2021 prolonged La Niña evolution in the tropical Pacific

C Gao, M Chen, L Zhou, L Feng, RH Zhang - Science China Earth …, 2022 - Springer
The evolution of sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Pacific during 2020–2021
indicates a second-year cooling in late 2021 again, following the 2020 La Niña event. Its …

A transformer‐based deep learning model for successful predictions of the 2021 second‐year La Niña condition

C Gao, L Zhou, RH Zhang - Geophysical Research Letters, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
A purely data‐driven and transformer‐based model with a novel self‐attention mechanism
(3D‐Geoformer) is used to make predictions by adopting a rolling predictive manner similar …

ENSO predictability over the past 137 years based on a CESM ensemble prediction system

T Liu, X Song, Y Tang, Z Shen, X Tan - Journal of Climate, 2022 - journals.ametsoc.org
In this study, we conducted an ensemble retrospective prediction from 1881 to 2017 using
the Community Earth System Model to evaluate El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) …

A hybrid neural network model for ENSO prediction in combination with principal oscillation pattern analyses

L Zhou, RH Zhang - Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2022 - Springer
Abstract El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can be currently predicted reasonably well six
months and longer, but large biases and uncertainties remain in its real-time prediction …

Impact of ENSO events on droughts in China

A Lv, L Fan, W Zhang - Atmosphere, 2022 - mdpi.com
The El Niño Southe58rn Oscillation (ENSO) is a typical oscillation affecting climate change,
and its stable periodicity, long-lasting effect, and predictable characteristics have become …

Impact of the deep chlorophyll maximum in the equatorial pacific as revealed in a coupled ocean GCM‐ecosystem model

Q Shi, RH Zhang, F Tian - Journal of Geophysical Research …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
A coupled ocean general circulation model (OGCM)‐ocean ecosystem model is used to
investigate the effects of the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) on the ocean state in the …

Joint impacts of winter North Pacific Oscillation and early spring Aleutian Low intensity on the following winter ENSO

S Chen, W Chen, R Wu, B Yu, J Ying - Climate Dynamics, 2024 - Springer
This study examines the joint impacts of the winter North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and early
spring Aleutian Low intensity (ALI) on the following winter El Niño-Southern Oscillation …

A mechanism for the generation of a warm SST anomaly in the western equatorial Pacific: A pathway perspective

C Gao, RH Zhang - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Processes leading to the onset and development of an El Niño event in the tropical Pacific
remain elusive. Observed data and Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) simulations …