Sheep grazing is an important part of agriculture in the North Atlantic region, defined here as
the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, Norway and Scotland. This process has played a key …

The treeline ecotone divides forest from open alpine or arctic vegetation states. Treelines
are generally perceived to be temperature limited. The role of herbivores in limiting the …

Herbivores shape plant communities through selective foraging. However, both herbivore
selectivity and the plant's ability to tolerate or resist herbivory may depend on the density of …

Transition zones between mountain forests and treeless tundra, ie treeline ecotones, are
characterized by great regional variety. In this paper, we discuss the biodiversity in various …

Livestock grazing is a major driver of land‐use change, causing significant biodiversity loss
globally. Although the short‐term effects of livestock grazing on individual species are well …

Question A warming climate has been linked to changes in the distribution of many species,
yet the interactions between climate and other environmental drivers are relatively poorly …

The surface of many European mountain grasslands is decreasing due to global change
and extensive grazing stands out as a key tool for their conservation. Sound knowledge of …

Both density dependent and density independent processes such as climate affect
population dynamics in large herbivores. Understanding herbivore foraging patterns is …

Horns, antlers, and other horn‐like structures are products of sexual selection, confer
reproductive advantages, and are heritable and honest indicators of individual quality. In …

Mammalian herbivores have important top‐down effects on ecological processes and
landscapes by generating vegetation changes through grazing and trampling. For free …