Abstract Purpose of Review Neurodevelopmental disorders disproportionately affect males.
The mechanisms underlying male vulnerability or female protection are not known and …

Traumatic childhood events are associated with a wide range of negative physical,
psychological and adaptive outcomes over the life course and are one of the few identifiable …

The sociocommunicative impairments that define autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not
present at birth but emerge gradually over the first two years of life. In typical development …

Autism covers a wide spectrum of disorders for which there are many views, hypotheses and
theories. Here we propose a unifying theory of autism, the Intense World Theory. The …

Maternal distress during pregnancy increases plasma levels of cortisol and corticotrophin
releasing hormone in the mother and foetus. These may contribute to insulin resistance and …

We present an overview of current literature addressing cognitive flexibility in autism
spectrum disorders. Based on recent studies at multiple sites, using diverse methods and …

The stress response system is comprised of an intricate interconnected network that
includes the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The HPA axis maintains the …

Autistic-spectrum conditions and psychotic-spectrum conditions (mainly schizophrenia,
bipolar disorder, and major depression) represent two major suites of disorders of human …

This paper reviews several converging lines of research that suggest that prenatal exposure
to environmental stress may increase risk for Autistic Disorder (AD). We first discuss studies …

Autism is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder with a polygenetic predisposition that
seems to be triggered by multiple environmental factors during embryonic and/or early …