Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies during explosive energy-
release phenomena in space, solar, and astrophysical plasma environments. While it has …

Modes and manifestations of the explosive activity in the Earth's magnetotail, as well as its
onset mechanisms and key pre-onset conditions are reviewed. Two mechanisms for the …

Using Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms observations
from four tail seasons, we study the three‐dimensional structure of the dipolarization front …

We discuss results of a superposed epoch analysis of dipolarization fronts, rapid (δt< 30 s),
high‐amplitude (δBz> 10 nT) increases in the northward magnetic field component …

Using Cluster data, we investigate the electric structure of a dipolarization front (DF)–the ion
inertial length (c/ωpi) scale boundary in the Earth's magnetotail formed at the front edge of …

The occurrence rate of earthward‐propagating dipolarization fronts (DFs) is investigated in
this paper based on the 9 years (2001–2009) of Cluster 1 data. For the first time, we select …

In this paper, the particle acceleration processes around magnetotail dipolarization fronts
(DFs) were reviewed. We summarize the spacecraft observations (including Cluster …

Recent observations have suggested that spatially localized flows of high‐temperature, low‐
density plasma carrying a dipolarized magnetic field (dipolarizing flux bundles, DFBs) play a …

Using the electromagnetic fields of a recent MHD simulation of magnetotail reconnection,
flow bursts and dipolarization, we investigate the acceleration of test particles (protons and …

Energetic particle transport into the inner magnetosphere during geomagnetic storms is
responsible for significant plasma pressure enhancement, which is the driver of large‐scale …