Organismal solutions to natural challenges can spark creative engineering applications.
However, most engineers are not experts in organismal biology, creating a potential barrier …

Two influential concepts in tissue patterning are Wolpert's positional information and
Turing's self-organized reaction–diffusion (RD). The latter establishes the patterning of hair …

Diffusible iodine‐based contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) visualizes soft
tissue from micro‐CT (µCT) scans of specimens to uncover internal features and natural …

Large and stout snakes commonly consume large prey and use rectilinear crawling; yet,
whether body wall distention after feeding impairs rectilinear locomotion is poorly …

The evolution of constriction and of large prey ingestion within snakes are key innovations
that may explain the remarkable diversity, distribution and ecological scope of this clade …

Elongate, limbless body plans are widespread in nature and frequently converged upon
(with over two dozen independent convergences in Squamates alone, and many outside of …

Squamates have independently evolved an elongate, limb-reduced body form numerous
times. This transition has been proposed to involve either changes to regulatory gene …

Fossils of amphibians and squamates are relatively common in Pliocene–Pleistocene
sediments in the southeastern Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina) …

Soft actuators have great potential in human–machine interaction and soft robotics
innovation. Origami exhibiting outstanding structural and topological properties can be a …

Energy conversion is a basic requirement for organic life. Many prokaryotes (archaea and
bacteria) exploit electrochemical imbalances of inorganic elements or molecules for energy …