Marine foundation species are the biotic basis for many of the world's coastal ecosystems,
providing structural habitat, food, and protection for myriad plants and animals as well as …

Plastics are fossil fuel-derived products. The emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) during
different processes involved in the lifecycle of plastic-related products are a significant threat …

Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

Coral reefs worldwide are facing impacts from climate change, overfishing, habitat
destruction, and pollution. The cumulative effect of these impacts on global capacity of coral …

Plastic pollution and climate change have commonly been treated as two separate issues
and sometimes are even seen as competing. Here we present an alternative view that these …

The ocean is warming, losing oxygen and being acidified, primarily as a result of
anthropogenic carbon emissions. With ocean warming, acidification and deoxygenation …

Abstract Sustainable Development Goal 14 of the United Nations aims to “conserve and
sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development” …

Ocean warming and acidification threaten the future growth of coral reefs. This is because
the calcifying coral reef taxa that construct the calcium carbonate frameworks and cement …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Coral reef ecosystems have suffered an unprecedented loss of habitat-forming hard corals
in recent decades. While marine conservation has historically focused on passive habitat …