The extratropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (Ex‐UTLS) is a transition region
between the stratosphere and the troposphere. The Ex‐UTLS includes the tropopause, a …

Tropical climate and the composition of the global upper atmosphere are affected by the
tropical tropopause layer—the atmospheric transition zone between the well-mixed …

This report is the first complete assessment of the science of climate change since Working
Group I (WGI) of the IPCC produced its second report Climate Change 1995: The Science of …

Processes in the climate system that can either amplify or dampen the climate response to
an external perturbation are referred to as climate feedbacks. Climate sensitivity estimates …

Transport of air from the troposphere to the stratosphere occurs primarily in the tropics,
associated with the ascending branch of the Brewer-Dobson circulation. Here, we identify …

Water vapor is a greenhouse gas that dominates Earth's terrestrial radiation absorption. As
the planetary temperature warms, forced by increasing CO 2 and other greenhouse gases …

The physical meaning of several different tropical tropopause definitions is examined using
atmospheric data from a variety of sources, and model output. The conventional lapse‐rate …

Two important new findings since the IPCC WGI Second Assessment Report (IPCC,
1996)(hereafter SAR) demonstrate the importance of atmospheric chemistry in controlling …

The Asian summer monsoon anticyclone is linked to climatological deep convection over
Southeast Asia, and the coupling of circulation and convection strongly influences …

We suggest a chemical model for the composition, structure, and atmospheric processing of
organic aerosols. This model is stimulated by recent field measurements showing that …