Bacteria surround their cell membrane with a net-like peptidoglycan layer, called sacculus,
to protect the cell from bursting and maintain its cell shape. Sacculus growth during …

Most bacteria are surrounded by a peptidoglycan cell wall that defines their shape and
protects them from osmotic lysis. The expansion and division of this structure therefore plays …

ABSTRACT Next to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis is the most studied and best
understood organism that also serves as a model for many important pathogens. Due to its …

Elongation factor thermal unstable Tu (EF-Tu) is a G protein that catalyzes the binding of
aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of the ribosome inside living cells. Structural and biochemical …

How bacteria grow and divide while retaining a defined shape is a fundamental question in
microbiology, but technological advances are now driving a new understanding of how the …

Cellular mechanical properties play an integral role in bacterial survival and adaptation.
Historically, the bacterial cell wall and, in particular, the layer of polymeric material called the …

The ability of a eukaryotic cell to resist deformation, to transport intracellular cargo and to
change shape during movement depends on the cytoskeleton, an interconnected network of …

Multi-protein complexes organized by cytoskeletal proteins are essential for cell wall
biogenesis in most bacteria. Current models of the wall assembly mechanism assume that …

Eukaryotic cells create internal order by using protein motors to transport molecules and
organelles along cytoskeletal tracks. Recent genomic and functional studies suggest that …

Almost all bacteria and many archaea contain genes whose expression inhibits cell growth
and may lead to cell death when overproduced, reminiscent of apoptotic genes in higher …