Highlights•The distinction between expansins and expansin-like proteins is clarified.•Site-
directed mutagenesis reveals expansin's complex binding to plant cell walls.•Expansin …

Trichoderma species are opportunistic fungi residing primarily in soil, tree bark and on wild
mushrooms. Trichoderma is capable of killing other fungi and penetrating plant roots, and is …

New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering:
Trichoderma for Biotechnological Applications: Current Insights and Future Prospects …

Background The dominant fungi in arid grasslands and shrublands are members of the
Ascomycota phylum. Ascomycota fungi are important drivers in carbon and nitrogen cycling …

Plants are capable of perceiving microorganisms by coordinating processes to establish
different forms of plant–microbe relationships. Plant colonization is governed in fungal and …

Fungi belonging to the genus Trichoderma are among the most active and ecologically
successful microbes found in natural environments, because they are able to use a variety of …

The discovery of microbial expansins emerged from studies of the mechanism of plant cell
growth and the molecular basis of plant cell wall extensibility. Expansins are wall-loosening …

Plant-colonizing fungi secrete a cocktail of effector proteins during colonization. After
secretion, some of these effectors are delivered into plant cells to directly dampen the plant …

Cerato-platanins are an interesting group of small, secreted, cysteine-rich proteins that have
been implicated in virulence of certain plant pathogenic fungi. The relatively recent …

Cerato-platanin proteins are small, secreted proteins with four conserved cysteines that are
abundantly produced by filamentous fungi with all types of lifestyles. These proteins appear …