Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of
malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of …

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potentially useful platforms in treatment methods for
patients with tumors. They preferentially target and kill tumor cells, leaving healthy cells …

Ongoing research has revealed that the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is one of the
biggest obstacles in the current cancer therapy. CSCs make an influential function in tumor …

Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment has remained almost unchanged for more than 20 years. The
current standard of care involves surgical resection (if possible) followed by concomitant …

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent, pro-inflammatory type 1 cytokine that has long been
studied as a potential immunotherapy for cancer. Unfortunately, IL-12's remarkable …

Over the past few decades, substantial evidence has convincingly revealed the existence of
cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a minor subpopulation in cancers, contributing to an aberrantly …

Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have failed in all phase III glioblastoma (GBM) trials.
Here, we show that regulatory T (Treg) cells play a key role in GBM resistance to ICBs in …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain
cancer, for which effective therapies are urgently needed. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) …

Glioblastoma is an immunosuppressive, fatal brain cancer that contains glioblastoma stem-
like cells (GSCs). Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) selectively replicates in cancer …

Oncolytic virus therapy is perhaps the next major breakthrough in cancer treatment following
the success in immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors. Oncolytic viruses are …