Social complexity has been one of the recent emerging topics in the study of animal and
human societies, but the concept remains both poorly defined and understood. In this paper …

In species with separate sexes, females and males often differ in their morphology,
physiology and behaviour. Such sex‐specific traits are functionally linked to variation in …

Converging lines of inquiry from across the social and biological sciences target the adult
sex ratio (ASR; the proportion of males in the adult population) as a fundamental population …

The Hadza, an ethnic group indigenous to northern Tanzania, are one of the few remaining
hunter-gatherer populations. Archaeology shows 130,000 years of hunting and gathering in …

Social interactions are ubiquitous across the animal kingdom. A variety of ecological and
evolutionary processes are dependent on social interactions, such as movement, disease …

Adult sex ratio (ASR, the proportion of males in the adult population) is a central concept in
population and evolutionary biology, and is also emerging as a major factor influencing …

Characterizations of coy females and ardent males are rooted in models of sexual selection
that are increasingly outdated. Evolutionary feedbacks can strongly influence the sex roles …

Males and females often have different roles in reproduction, although the origin of these
differences has remained controversial. Explaining the enigmatic reversed sex roles where …

The operational sex ratio (OSR) has long been assumed to be a key ecological factor
determining the opportunity and direction of sexual selection. However, recent theoretical …

Sex roles describe sex differences in courtship, mate competition, social pair‐bonds and
parental care. A key challenge is to identify associations among the components and the …