Animal studies provide strong evidence of positive associations between microcystins (MCs)
exposure and reproductive toxicity, representing a threat to human reproductive health and …

Microcystis spp., are Gram-negative, oxygenic, photosynthetic prokaryotes which use solar
energy to convert carbon dioxide (CO 2) and minerals into organic compounds and …

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes with wide geographic distribution that can
produce secondary metabolites named cyanotoxins. These toxins can be classified into …

The occurrence of cyanobacterial toxins is being increasingly reported. This is a reason for
concern as they can induce toxic effects both in humans and in the environment. Among …

Microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are among the most frequent toxins
produced by cyanobacteria. These toxic secondary metabolites are classified as …

Abstract The Chesapeake Bay, along the mid-Atlantic coast of North America, is the largest
estuary in the United States and provides critical habitat for wildlife. In contrast to point and …

Microcystins are cyclic peptide toxins formed by cyanobacteria. These toxins are recognized
for their association with algal blooms, posing a significant threat to ecosystems and drinking …

Algal blooms are a frequent phenomenon in nearly all kinds of fresh water. Global warming
and eutrophication by waste water, air pollution and fertilizers seem to lead to an increased …

Cyanobacteria are ubiquitously globally present in both freshwater and marine
environments. Ample reports have been documented by researchers worldwide for pros and …

Cyanobacterial blooms represent a worldwide problem in freshwater as well as marine
ecosystems as producers of various toxic compounds. This study provides environmentally …