As with all surgical interventions, appropriate clinical diagnosis is paramount. Excessive
gingival display (EGD)—the gummy smile (GS)—is a clinical diagnosis. It is important to note …

Background Information about the aesthetic effects of flapless in implant surgeries is scant.
Differences of the survival rate (SR) and crestal bone loss (CBL) between the two …

Objective The objective is to determine the effect of oral zinc supplement intake on the
clinical efficacy and sustained effect of BTXA injection, in patients with excessive gingival …

Purpose. This study is aimed at synthesizing the available evidence regarding effectiveness
of various modalities (combinations of LRS tasks) and comparison between each two …

Several etiologies may contribute to the development of excessive gingival display (EGD).
However, little, if any, consideration has been given to the potentially significant role of …

Excessive gingival display (EGD), commonly known as a gummy smile (GS), is a cosmetic
concern that involves exposing a significant area of gum tissue during a smile, rendering it …

The lip repositioning technique (LRT) is considered a safe and predictable gummy smile
(GS) treatment. However, since Rubinstein and Kostianovsky introduced it in 1973, it has …

When there is excessive exposure of the gingiva, the gummy smile arises, a non-
pathological condition that leads to an aesthetic disharmony. The display of up to 2-3 mm or …

Objectives; The perfect attractive smile is considered one of the most imperative demands.
Patients currently seek dental treatment to enhance esthetics rather than function. An ideal …

Objective. Gummy smile is considered non-pathological, but inaesthetic. Treatment methods
are chosen on etiology and patient preferences criteria. Patients tend to opt for quicker, less …