In the field of transcutaneous functional electrical stimulation (FES), open-loop and closed-
loop control strategies have been developed to restore functions of the lower limbs: walking …

Motorized functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling is a rehabilitation therapy in which
electrical stimulation is used to activate lower body muscles to pedal a cycle in conjunction …

Due to the inherent periodic nature of cycling tasks, iterative and repetitive learning
controllers are well motivated for rehabilitative cycling. Motorized functional electrical …

Open-or closed-loop functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been widely investigated to
treat drop foot syndrome, which is typically caused by weakness or paralysis of ankle …

Closed-loop control of functional electrical stimulation coupled with motorized assistance to
induce cycling is a rehabilitative strategy that can improve the mobility of people with …

Cycling induced by functional electrical stimulation (FES) with motorized assistance is a
rehabilitative approach for individuals with movement impairments. In this paper, an …

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a technique used in rehabilitation, allowing the
recreation or facilitation of a movement or function, by electrically inducing the activation of …

A minimally restrictive robust controller is developed for a motorized rehabilitative cycling
system. The controller yields a forced-use movement therapy that constrains the rider's …

Abstract Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) cycling, or FES-Cycling, holds great
therapeutic potential for individuals with paralysis, such as those with Spinal Cord Injury …

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) systems are successful in restoring motor function
and supporting paralyzed users. Commercially available FES products are open loop …