Hosts and bacteria have coevolved over millions of years, during which pathogenic bacteria
have modified their virulence mechanisms to adapt to host defense systems. Although the …

In 2008, a previously unknown Escherichia coli clonal group, sequence type 131 (ST131),
was identified on three continents. Today, ST131 is the predominant E. coli lineage among …

The emergence of resistance to all classes of antibiotics in previously susceptible bacterial
pathogens is a major challenge to infectious disease medicine. The origin of the genes …

Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a worldwide pandemic clone, causing
predominantly community-onset antimicrobial-resistant infection. Its pandemic spread was …

Escherichia coli represents an incredible versatile and diverse enterobacterial species and
can be subdivided into the following;(i) intestinal non-pathogenic, commensal isolates.(ii) …

Background The impact of food animals as a possible reservoir for extended-spectrum beta-
lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, and the dissemination of such strains into …

Wildlife is normally not exposed to clinically used antimicrobial agents but can acquire
antimicrobial resistant bacteria through contact with humans, domesticated animals and the …

To find out whether food-producing animals (FPAs) are a source of extraintestinal expanded-
spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (ESCR-EC) infections in humans …

Background In recent years, ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL/AmpC-EC)
have been isolated with increasing frequency from animals, food, environmental sources …

Most human extraintestinal Escherichia coli infections, including those involving
antimicrobial resistant strains, are caused by the members of a limited number of distinctive …