Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as undesirable by‐products of metabolism in
various cellular compartments, especially in response to unfavorable environmental …

The impact of environmental stresses like drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and high
salinity on plants is evident in various physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes …

Freshwater ecosystems are gradually becoming sinks for terrestrial microplastics (MPs),
posing a potential ecological risk. Although the effects of MPs on plankton and aquatic …

Plants being sessile confronts a variety of biotic and abiotic environmental adversities.
Heavy metals (HMs) stress is a significant abiotic constraint to agricultural production around …

Bacillus subtilis as microbial fertilizers contribute to avoiding the harmful effects of traditional
agricultural fertilizers and pesticides. However, there are many restrictions on the practical …

Plant immune response is fascinating due to the complete absence of a humoral system.
The adaptive immune response in plants relies on the intracellular orchestration of …

Seed, being a truly static period of the plant's existence, is exposed to a variety of biotic and
abiotic shocks during dormancy that causes many cellular alterations. To improve its …

By 2050, the predicted global population is set to reach 9.6 billion highlighting the urgent
need to increase crop productivity to meet the growing demand for food. This is becoming …

The harsh environment such as high temperature greatly limits the growth, development and
production of crops worldwide. NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) transcription factors (TFs) …

Three Cd 2+ resistant bacterium's minimal inhibition concentrations were assessed and their
percentages of Cd 2+ accumulation were determined by measurements using an atomic …