This paper reviews recent developments in urea biosensors, as reported in the literature.
The advantages and roles of various matrices, different strategies for biosensor construction …

Ureases are enzymes highly desirable in immobilized form for a number of applications that
exploit urea cleavage and an increase in pH, inherent to the reaction. Major among them are …

Cotton fibers were first grafted by polyacrylonitril in the presence of KMnO4 and oxalic acid
as a combined redox initiator. Moreover, modification of the grafted cotton fibers was done …

Highly sensitive conductometric urea biosensors were developed by exploiting the
successful combination of ammonium-sieving and ion exchange properties of clinoptilolite …

Secondary phosphine oxides R2P (O) H are a relatively stable tautomeric form of secondary
phosphinous acids R2P–OH that with imine/iminium species, or their donors, form …

During the last decade, there has been a great advance in the kidney dialysis system by
wearable artificial kidney (WAK) system for end‐stage renal disease patients. Uremic solute …

The easiest route to form compounds with P–C sp3–N linkage (s) is phosphorus-based
Mannich-type reactions (phospha-Mannich reactions) between phosphines (R3P, R2PH …

The chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are undergoing continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). However, there are some constraints, the frequent exchange of …

Urease was covalently immobilized onto porous chitosan beads via primary amine groups
connected to the backbone via a six-carbon linear alkyl spacer. The optimum conditions for …

Efficient immobilization of urease was achieved upon dioxane-induced unfolding/refolding
strategy on alkyl modified porous silica with an average pore size of 66nm. Structural …