This paper reviews the methods to monitor reverse osmosis (RO) membrane fouling, either
by characterizing the fouling potential of the feed or by detecting the fouling condition of the …

Membrane fouling by humic substances (HS) is a major problem in UF water treatment. The
complex phenomena involved have been the subject of numerous investigations. HS fouling …

In this study, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was modified by
dispersing nano-sized titanium (IV) oxide (TiO2) particles in a PVDF solution. PVDF flat …

Membrane filtration is considered an important technology that can contribute to the
sustainability of water supplies. However, its continued development necessitates the …

Organic and inorganic mixed matrix membranes are one of the most promising new
membrane materials for ultrafiltration (UF) separation applications. In this study, PVC/Fe 2 O …

Membrane technology can minimize spread of viruses in the environment during
pandemics, however, its efficiency is highly limited by biofouling. In the current study, a …

Membrane fouling is one of the major drawbacks for membrane-based technologies
because it leads to severe flux decline which requires the fouled membrane to be cleaned …

During the processing of insects for food and feed applications, thermal treatments are often
used for decontamination purposes. However, these treatments denature proteins …

Negatively charged thin-film-composite polyamide nanofiltration (NF) membranes were
used to filter aqueous calcium sulfate solution, examining potential for water-softening …

This study evaluated the use of fouling indices to describe low pressure membrane fouling.
One critical aspect of this study was the use of a bench-scale hollow fiber membrane system …