This is an extended version of my Nobel Lecture, delivered on December 8, 2021. I will
recall the genesis of the concept of multiple equilibria in natural sciences. I will then describe …

We review the main methods used to study spin glasses. In the first part, we focus on
methods for fully connected models and systems defined on a tree, such as the replica …

We numerically analyze the landscape governing the evolution of the vibrational dynamics
of hard disk glasses as the density increases towards jamming. We find that the dynamics …

The study of spin-glass dynamics, long considered the paradigmatic complex system, has
reached important milestones. The availability of high-quality single crystals has allowed the …

This paper describes the architecture, the development and the implementation of Janus II, a
new generation application-driven number cruncher optimized for Monte Carlo simulations …

Results regarding spin glass models are, to this day, mainly confined to models with discrete
(usually Ising) spins. Spin glass models with continuous spins exhibit interesting new …

We perform equilibrium parallel-tempering simulations of the 3D Ising Edwards–Anderson
spin glass in a field, using the Janus computer. A traditional analysis shows no signs of a …

We describe Janus, a massively parallel FPGA-based computer optimized for the simulation
of spin glasses, theoretical models for the behavior of glassy materials. FPGAs (as …

Results regarding spin glass models are, to this day, mainly confined to models with Ising
spins. Spin glass models with continuous spins exhibit interesting new physical behaviors …

Use of dedicated computers in spin glass simulations allows one to equilibrate very large
samples (of size as large as L= 32) and to carry out computer experiments that can be …