The integration of fossils, phylogeny, and geochronology has resulted in an increasingly
well-resolved timetable of evolution. Life appears to have taken root before the earliest …

Water plays a critical role in erosion and sediment transport and this relationship is most
evident in the hyperarid Atacama Desert of Northern Chile, a region characterized by …

The rise of complex macroscopic life occurred during the Ediacaran Period, an interval that
witnessed large-scale disturbances to biogeochemical systems. The current Ediacaran …

Geological evidence indicates that grounded ice sheets reached sea level at all latitudes
during two long-lived Cryogenian (58 and≥ 5 My) glaciations. Combined uranium-lead and …

The snowball Earth hypothesis predicts globally synchronous glaciations that persisted on a
multimillion year time scale. Geochronological tests of this hypothesis have been limited by …

The rise of animals occurred during an interval of Earth history that witnessed dynamic
marine redox conditions, potentially rapid plate motions, and uniquely large perturbations to …

Atmospheric CO 2 levels and global climate are regulated on geological timescales by the
silicate weathering feedback. However, this thermostat has failed multiple times in Earth's …

Proterozoic strata host evidence of global “Snowball Earth” glaciations, large perturbations
to the carbon cycle, proposed changes in the redox state of oceans, the diversification of …

Abstract Otavi Group is a 1.5–3.5-km-thick epicontinental marine carbonate succession of
Neoproterozoic age, exposed in an 800-km-long Ediacaran− Cambrian fold belt that rims …

The geological timescale before 720 Ma uses rounded absolute ages rather than specific
events recorded in rocks to subdivide time. This has led increasingly to mismatches between …